Identification of an intact ParaHox cluster with temporal colinearity but altered spatial colinearity in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Regeneration in the hemichordate Ptychodera flava.
When the body of P. flava is severed, the animal has the ability to regenerate its missing anterior or posterior as appropriate. We have focused on anterior regeneration when the head and branchial regions are severed from the body of the worm. After transection, the body wall contracts and heals closed in 2 to 3 days. By the third day a small blastema is evident at the point of closure. The bl...
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Nodal signaling plays crucial roles in vertebrate developmental processes such as endoderm and mesoderm formation, and axial patterning events along the anteroposterior, dorsoventral and left-right axes. In echinoderms, Nodal plays an essential role in the establishment of the dorsoventral axis and left-right asymmetry, but not in endoderm or mesoderm induction. In protostomes, Nodal signaling ...
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Vertebrate Hox genes are activated in a spatiotemporal sequence that reflects their clustered organization. While this colinear relationship is a property of most metazoans with an anterior to posterior polarity, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Previous work suggested that Hox genes were made progressively available for transcription in the course of gastrulation, implying the ...
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Grasses are the single most important plant family in agriculture. In the past years, comparative genetic mapping has revealed conserved gene order (colinearity) among many grass species. Recently, the first studies at gene level have demonstrated that microcolinearity of genes is less conserved: small scale rearrangements and deletions complicate the microcolinearity between closely related sp...
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During mammalian fetal development, axial structures acquire their specifications through the action of the Hox gene family of transcription factors (for review, see Krumlauf 1994). These are 39 such genes that are responsible for giving spatially restricted cues in a variety of embryonic derivatives, from the neural tube to the intestinal tract. In presomitic mesoderm, for example, level-speci...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMC Evolutionary Biology
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1471-2148
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-129